5-Year management and outcomes of penetrating neck injury in a trauma center. Penetrating neck injury / Manejo y resultados de trauma penetrante de cuello en 5 años dentro de un centro de urgencias. Trauma penetrante de cuello

Background Penetrating neck injuries represent 5–10% of all traumatic injuries, these bring with them a high rate of morbidity and mortality due to vital structures that could be injured in this area. The aim of this study was to determine the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of penetrating neck injuries. Methods This was a retrospective, unicentric and descriptive study that included all patients who underwent neck exploration surgery. Results A total of 70 neck exploration cases were reviewed, 34 (49%) didn’t had any injury. Thirty (43%) had at least one hard sign, 42 (60%) patients showed at least one soft sign. Statistical analysis showed only surgical time (252±199.5 vs. 155±76.4; p=0.020) and transfusions (1.87±3 vs. 0.4±0.856; p=0.013) were statistically significant. We report a mortality of 2 (3%) patients. Conclusions Our prevalence of neck surgical exploration without vascular injury was slightly higher (49% vs. 40%) than literature. We highlight the importance of not performing neck explorations in all patients who present a penetrating injury. We did not obtain differences between groups for hard signs and soft signs. We were not able to identify whether or not there would be an injury based on clinical characteristics. Imaging studies should be performed to avoid unnecessary neck explorations; however, depending on the clinical scenario some surgery cannot be avoided (AU)

Antecedentes Las lesiones penetrantes de cuello representan entre el 5-10% de todas las lesiones traumáticas, estas traen consigo una alta tasa de morbimortalidad por estructuras vitales que podrían lesionarse en esta área. El propósito de este estudio fue determinar las características epidemiológicas y clínicas del trauma penetrante de cuello. Métodos Estudio retrospectivo, unicéntrico y descriptivo que incluyó a todos los pacientes sometidos a cirugía de exploración de cuello. Resultados Se revisaron un total de 70 casos de exploración de cuello, 34 pacientes (49%) no presentaron ninguna lesión. Treinta pacientes (43%) tenían al menos un signo duro, 42 pacientes (60%) mostraron al menos un signo blando. El análisis estadístico mostró que solo el tiempo quirúrgico (252±199,5 vs. 155±76,4; p=0,020) y las transfusiones (1,87±3 vs, 0,4±0,856; p=0,013) fueron estadísticamente significativas. Reportamos la mortalidad de 2 pacientes (3%). Conclusiones Nuestra prevalencia de exploración quirúrgica de cuello sin lesión vascular fue ligeramente superior (49 vs. 40%) que la literatura. Destacamos la importancia de no realizar exploraciones de cuello en todos los pacientes que presentan una lesión penetrante. No obtuvimos diferencias entre grupos para signos duros y signos blandos. No pudimos identificar si hubiera o no una lesión en función de las características clínicas. Se deben realizar estudios de imagen para evitar exploraciones innecesarias del cuello; sin embargo, dependiendo del escenario clínico, no se pueden evitar algunas cirugías (AU)

Perforación espontánea de aorta infrarrenal por úlcera ateroesclerótica. Reporte de un caso / Spontaneous rupture of infrarenal aorta due to an atheroesclerotic ulcer. Case report

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Outcomes and Surgical Complications in Kidney Transplantation.

BACKGROUND: Kidney transplantation is the most cost-effective therapy for end-stage renal disease. Post-operative complications account for 15%-17% of all cases and are associated with significant morbidity. Currently 4.8% of post-transplantation patients have returned to dialysis. Our center's main transplant origin is cadaveric donation. OBJECTIVE: To review surgical complications of kidney transplantation over the past 5 years. METHODS: This was an observational descriptive study that included all patients from 2011 to 2015. RESULTS: A total of 55 cases were reviewed. Diabetic nephropathy was the etiology in 30.9% of cases. Post-surgical complications occurred in 12.7% of patients with a post-operative mortality of 4%. Graft survival at 1 year was 82.4% with a 91% 1-year patient survival. CONCLUSION: Early identification and treatment of surgical complications are critical for patient and graft survival. Complications are low but significant.

Epidemiología y evolución perioperatoria de lesión vascular periférica en civiles por trauma penetrante durante una década / Epidemiology and outcomes for civilian peripheral vascular injury in penetrating trauma during a decade

Introducción: Las lesiones causadas por trauma penetrante son una de las principales causas de morbimortalidad en todo el mundo. Para una gestión eficiente y un tratamiento adecuado, es esencial lograr una rápida detección, localización y caracterización de la lesión. Objetivo: Determinar la epidemiología y revisar el manejo perioperatorio de lesiones vasculares periféricas en extremidades durante una década. Material y métodos: Se utilizaron datos de 2006-2015 de un hospital universitario con pacientes con diagnóstico de lesión vascular en extremidades. Resultados: Se reportó un total de 110 casos. En 26 de los pacientes (23,6%) la lesión fue causada por una herida por arma punzo cortante y en 84 pacientes (76,4%) por proyectil de arma de fuego. El sitio lesionado más común fue la extremidad inferior. Veintiséis pacientes (23,6%) no mostraron lesión durante la angiografía. Se identificaron un total de 150 lesiones vasculares. Conclusiones: La arteria más comúnmente lesionada fue la femoral. Los factores predictivos de las lesiones estadísticamente significativos fueron la puntuación de la gravedad de la lesión, el grado de choque y los pacientes con lesiones múltiples. Seis amputaciones reportadas coinciden con un trauma severo. La ausencia de signos duros no descarta la posibilidad de lesión arterial. Se recomienda la reparación con injerto de safena invertido para las lesiones no reparables de manera primaria (AU)

Background: Penetrating trauma injuries are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. For efficient management and appropriate treatment, the injuries need to be rapidly detected, located, and characterised. Objective: To describe the epidemiology and review the management of vascular injuries over a 10-year period. Material and methods: Data were used from patients with a diagnosis of vascular injury in extremities between 2006 and 2015 from a university hospital. Results: A total of 110 cases were reported. In 26 (23.6%) patients the injury was caused by a stab wound, and by a gunshot wound in 84 (76.4%) patients. The most common injury site was the lower limb. Twenty-six (23.6%) patients showed no injury in the angiography. A total of 150 vascular injuries were identified. Conclusion: The most commonly injured artery was the femoral. Statistically significant injury predictive factors were the injury severity score, the degree of shock, and patients with multiple injuries. Six amputations reported were associated with severe trauma. The absence of severe signs does not rule out the possibility of arterial injury. Inverted saphenous vein graft repair is recommended for non-repairable injuries (AU)

Reporte de caso: herida por proyectil de arma de fuego en aorta abdominal / Case report: Gunshot wound to abdominal aorta

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Causes for an Incomplete Donation Process at a Tertiary Care Hospital.

INTRODUCTION: This study aims to identify the causes for the incomplete donation process at a tertiary care hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive, retrospective study was performed; all potential donors reported to the Transplant Service within the period of 2005 to 2014 were included. Descriptive statistics were used across frequencies and proportions for categorical variables, central tendency, and dispersion for continuous variables. RESULTS: The total number of deaths reported at the University Hospital (HU) was 8472, of which 815 (n = 815) were reported to COETRA ("Consejo Estatal de Trasplantes"). Among organ or tissue donors, the main known cause of death was head trauma (HT) in 26% (72). Cardiac arrest (CA) as cause of death provided the largest number of donations (141, 57%); of these, 102 (41%) were male and 39 (16%) were female. In comparison, brain death (BD) provided 104 (43%); of these, 65 (27%) were male, and 39 (16%) were female. The age interval was with a higher donation rate was 45 to 49 y (BD 18, CA 22). Donation request was not performed in 359 patients because of medical contraindication 60% (215), rapid deterioration 18% (64), and incomplete donation process 8% (27). Of 452 organ requests, 207 were not accomplished, because of body integrity 28% (57), family disagreement 20% (42), and no acceptance of BE 13% (26). CONCLUSIONS: Opportunity areas: (1) Ensure the notification of all deaths to Transplant Department for identification of potential donors; (2) Reduce rapid deterioration and raise number of completed donation protocols; (3) Increase the donation rate.

[Orthotopic liver transplantation. Experience in the University Hospital of Monterrey, N.L]. / Trasplante hepático ortotpico. Experiencia en el Hospital Universitario de Monterrey, N.L.

INTRODUCTION: Several programs of organ and tissues transplantation have been developed for over a decade at the University Hospital. OBJECTIVE: To describe long term complications and survival in the liver transplant program at the University Hospital, UANL. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The long term complications and survival were analyzed in the liver transplant program at the University Hospital Dr. José Eleuterio González in the period between 1991 and 2011. RESULTS: Ninety six liver transplants were performed during this period, four of them received one re-transplant and one patient received 2 retransplants. Most common long term complications were metabolic 62%, bony 31% and infectious 28%. Median survival was 78 months. CONCLUSIONS: Liver transplant program at the University Hospital UANL has grown, being the most active in the state of Nuevo Leon, with 1-, 5- and 10-years survival of 66.1, 53.3 and 46.2%, respectively.